Charcoal production is an age-old practice. It threatens the environment and public health. Although essential to daily life for many inhabitants, charcoal leaves a dark mark on nature and a heavy toll on human health.https://www.who.int/health-topics/air-pollution#tab=tab_1
An invisible danger: smoke that kills.
Charcoal production is a simple yet destructive process that involves burning wood at a low temperature. This combustion produces dense, toxic smoke, rich in fine particles and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide. When inhaled, this smoke attacks the respiratory system, causing irritation, chronic infections, and increasing the risk of respiratory illnesses like asthma and bronchitis. Women and children, who are most exposed to smoke in homes, are particularly vulnerable.
Cooking with charcoal, a daily threat
In the northern region, charcoal is primarily used for cooking. The lack of alternative cooking methods and limited access to butane gas make charcoal indispensable for many households. Women, responsible for preparing meals, bear the brunt of the harmful effects of the smoke, suffering daily from what amounts to passive smoking. The impact of this smoke on children’s health is equally concerning. Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable and sensitive to fine particles and harmful gases, which can lead to growth delays, respiratory problems, and chronic infections.
Deforestation, a vicious cycle that affects the ecosystem
Charcoal production is fueled by deforestation. Forests, the lungs of the planet, are ravaged to feed charcoal kilns. This deforestation has disastrous consequences for
the environment, including a decline in biodiversity. Forests are home to a multitude of plant and animal species, which lose their habitat when deforestation occurs. Added to this is soil erosion. The disappearance of trees weakens the soil, making it more vulnerable to erosion, which harms the fertility of agricultural land. The cycle is exacerbated by climate change, which threatens climate stability. Deforestation contributes to increased greenhouse gas emissions, accelerating climate change. Another problem that public authorities are working to prevent daily is drought and desertification. The loss of forest cover causes drought, promotes desertification, and leads to land degradation.
Solutions for a greener future
Faced with the dangers of coal, alternatives are essential. Promoting butane gas is one solution. Access to cleaner and more economical butane gas is indispensable for replacing coal. Developing renewable energies is an asset. Renewable energies, such as solar and wind power, offer sustainable and clean solutions for the region. Reforestation and sustainable forest management should be considered. Reforestation and sustainable forest management programs are essential for restoring forest resources and preserving the environment. Raising public awareness of the dangers of coal and the importance of environmental protection is a priority. Educational campaigns on alternatives to coal, the benefits of renewable energies, and sustainable forest management methods are crucial.
The future of the Northern region is at stake
Coal, although traditionally used, poses a serious threat to the Northern region. Local authorities, NGOs, international organizations, and civil society must work together more closely to find sustainable solutions and protect the environment and public health. The future of the Northern region, its biodiversity, and its people depends on a collective commitment to a responsible and sustainable energy transition.
Marcus DARE
